![]() ![]() The foundations of physiology lie in several key areas, including anatomy, biochemistry, biophysics, genetics, and evolution.Īnatomy is the study of the structure and organization of living organisms, from the microscopic level of cells and tissues to the macroscopic level of organs and systems. Physiology is the branch of biology that focuses on the study of the functions and mechanisms of living organisms, from the molecular and cellular level to the level of whole organisms and populations. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for exceptional scientific achievements in physiology related to the field of medicine. In contrast, pathological state refers to abnormal conditions, including human diseases. Physiological state is the condition of normal function. Ĭentral to physiological functioning are biophysical and biochemical processes, homeostatic control mechanisms, and communication between cells. According to the classes of organisms, the field can be divided into medical physiology, animal physiology, plant physiology, cell physiology, and comparative physiology. As a sub-discipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical and physical functions in a living system. Physiology ( / ˌ f ɪ z i ˈ ɒ l ə dʒ i/ from Ancient Greek φύσις ( phúsis) 'nature, origin', and -λογία ( -logía) 'study of') is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system.
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